(*) Department of Social and Political Sciences, Economics and Management

Course held in Italian

The course studies the human subject in the exercise of his relational life, in particular of his public relations. Throughout history, we observe that, a specific “relational world” corresponds to each vision of the person. Philosophical thought interprets the succession of these anthropological visions and their relational worlds, creating “logics” that become real “forms of thought”, that is, relational paradigms that characterize the different cultures and, within them, political cultures. It thus becomes clear how each relational “logic” corresponds to a definition of the human subject and an experience of his interiority, of his cognitive capacity and a structure of the community to which he gives shape. The course is particularly attentive to the formation of dialectical thought starting from the sapiential origins (narrative and symbolic, as well as conceptual) of Western civilization, in the Indo-European context. Subsequently its main stages are considered, until the dialectic of contradiction arises. Finally, the course opens a perspective towards post-contradictory logics, which take up the challenge of contradiction and try to produce a logic capable of understanding the complexity of the concrete-living.

Bibliographical references:

1. Authors’ texts

– Aristotle, Categories, in Categories. On Interpretation. Prior Analytics, Harvard University Press, Cambridge (MA) 1938;
– Id., The Metaphysics, Penguin, London 1998, pp. 12-109.
– Kant I., The One Possible Basis for a Demonstration of the Existence of God, in: Kant I., Theoretical Philosophy, 1755-1770, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2003, pp. 107-201;
– Id., An Attempt to Introduce the Concept of Negative Quantities into Philosophy, Ivi, pp. 203-241.
– Hegel G.W.F., The Difference Between the Fichtean and Schellingian Systems of Philosophy, Ridgeview Pub. Co., Atascadero, CA, 1978;
– Id., Elements of the Philosophy of Right, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1991;
– Id., The Science of Logic, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2014;
– Id., Hegel: The Letters, Indiana University Press, Bloomington 1984.
– Marx K., Critique of Hegel’s ‘Philosophy Of Right’, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1977;
– Id., Postface to the Second [German] Edition, in Capital: A Critique of Political Economy: 1, Penguin Classics, London 1990, pp.94-103.
– Guardini R., Der Gegensatz. Versuche zu Einer Philosophie des Lebendig-Konkreten, Mainz-Paderborn 1998.
– Lubich C., Commented antology of C. Lubich’s texts collected by the professor.

2. Critical Literature

– Berti E., La contraddizione in Aristotele, Kant, Hegel e Marx, pp. 9-32;
– Rossitto C., Opposizione e non contraddizione nella “Metafisica” di Aristotele, pp. 43-70;
– Marigo G., La contraddizione e l’opposizione reale nel pensiero precritico di Kant dal 1755 al 1763, pp. 71-84;
– Milan R., Il concetto di contraddizione nella “Scienza della logica” di Hegel, pp. 161-182;
– Natali C., L’uso del termine “contraddizione” nel I libro del “Capitale” di Marx, pp. 183-226.